Tautological Reasoning

Tautological reasoning is a type of logic that uses a premise as its conclusion, or is so obvious that it's unnecessary. Tautologies are statements that are always true because they don’t leave out any logical possibility. They are often redundant and circular, and they don’t express any meaningful claim about the world. 

Here are some examples of tautological reasoning: 

• Either/or statements: “It will happen or it won’t”
• Circular reasoning: “Blue is blue”
• Redundancy: “New innovation,” “male widower,” “added bonus”
• True by definition: “Britain is an island and surrounded by water”

Tautologies are usually considered a fault of style and should be avoided in formal contexts like academic writing. However, they can sometimes be used non-literally to express inevitability. For example, “Boys will be boys” means that mischievous behavior is typical of boys.