In Urdu and Arabic, istifada (استعفىٰ) is the noun form of the verb to resign, signifying the act of leaving a job, office, or position.

“Mamnoon” (ممنون) means thankful or grateful and is a widely used word in Arabic, Farsi, and Urdu. It can be used on its own as a simple “thank you,” or combined with other words like “kheili” (very) to form phrases such as “kheili mamnoon,” meaning “thank you very much”.

Arabic Origin: The word comes from the Arabic root manna, meaning “to be gracious”.

Farsi/Persian: In Farsi, it’s a common and slightly formal way to express gratitude, though the informal French-derived “merci” is also very common, notes PersianPod101.

Urdu: It is also used in Urdu to mean thankful.

Simply saying “Mamnoon” can mean “Thanks!”.

Adding “Kheili” (meaning “a lot”) to it creates “Kheili mamnoon,” which means “Thank you very much”.

If someone says “Mamnoon” to you, you could respond with “Khāhesh mikonam” (you’re welcome) or “Qābeli nadāre” (it was nothing).

The term “takeed” (تاکید) is an Urdu and Arabic word that translates to stress, emphasis, or to emphasize something, particularly in the context of a commandment, advice, or warning. It can also mean to insist, urge, or to lay strict stress on something. The word emphasizes the importance or significance of a particular idea or instruction.

Urdu/Arabic root: The term originates from Arabic and is used in Urdu.

Core meaning: “To stress” or “to emphasize”.

Context: It is often used when giving serious instructions, commandments, or warnings.

Usage: It can also be used to describe the act of urging someone to do something or to insist on a point.

Grammatical function: It is a noun that signifies the act of emphasizing.

For example, when someone says “takeed,” they are referring to the act of placing a significant emphasis on a particular point or instruction.

Urdu word “tawaqqo” (توقع) — an Arabic origin word — means expectation. It is used both as noun and verb.

It is different from Urdu word umeed (امید) the same way English word hope is different from expectation.

Hope has more positive connotations and expectation is used for both positive and negitive anticipation.

In Urdu, the word “tazleel” (تذلیل) refers to degradation, humiliation, or disgrace. It describes a state of being brought low, the feeling of being cast off, or a loss of dignity, often associated with a state of abjection. In a specific religious context, it can also refer to the prohibition for a male pilgrim to seek shade while in the state of Ihram during the day.

In Urdu, the word idraak (ادراک) means comprehension, perception, understanding, intellect, or consciousness. It refers to the mental faculty of understanding or realizing something. 

Comprehension/Understanding: The ability to grasp the meaning or significance of something. 

Perception: The ability to become aware of something through the senses or the intellect. 

Consciousness: The state of being awake and aware of one’s surroundings. 

Intellect: The faculty of reasoning and understanding. 

Examples:

حدِ ادراک (had-e-idraak): The limits of comprehension or understanding. 

عالمِ ادراک (alam-e-idraak): The state of being tactile or the state of perception

Doctrine

n. Teaching; instruction.

n. That which is taught; what is held, put forth as true, and supported by a teacher, a school, or a sect; a principle or position, or the body of principles, in any branch of knowledge; any tenet or dogma; a principle of faith