Nizamuddin Auliya
Khawaja Syed Muhammad Nizamuddin Auliya (sometimes spelled Awliya; 1238 – 3 April 1325), also known as Hazrat Nizamuddin (lit. ‘Holy Nizamuddin’), Sultan-ul-Mashaikh (lit. ‘Lord of the pious’) and Mahbub-e-Ilahi (lit. ‘Beloved of God’), was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar, Sufi saint of the Chishti Order, and is one of the most famous Sufis from the Indian Subcontinent. His predecessors were Fariduddin Ganjshakar, Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki, and Moinuddin Chishti, who were the masters of the Chishti spiritual chain or silsila in the Indian subcontinent.
Nizamuddin Auliya, like his predecessors, stressed love as a means of realising God. For him his love of God implied a love of humanity. His vision of the world was marked by a highly evolved sense of religious pluralism and kindness. It is claimed by the 14th century historiographer Ziauddin Barani that his influence on the Muslims of Delhi was such that a paradigm shift was effected in their outlook towards worldly matters. People began to be inclined towards mysticism and prayers and remaining aloof from the world. It is also believed that Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, the founder of Tughluq dynasty, interacted with Nizamuddin. Initially, they used to share good relationship but soon this got embittered and relation between Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq and Nizamuddin Auliya never been reformed due to opinion disharmony and their antagonism resulted regular disputes between them during that era.
Fawaid al-Fuad is a book of spiritual and literary discourses by the medieval Indian Sufi saint Hazrat Nizam al-Din Awliya:
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Author
Amir Hasan ‘Ala’ Sijzi(Hasan Sijzi), a Persian scholar, compiled the book in the 14th century
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Content
A collection of teachings and discourses from Awliya’s talks over many years. The book emphasizes Sufi values like tolerance, love, and virtue.
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Style
Written in Persian prose with verses to illustrate points.
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Significance
An important early work that defines Islamic mysticism and provides information about Shufi saints and ‘ulama’.
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Background
The book is set against the backdrop of the flourishing of Sufism in India during the 13th century. It contrasts the Shufi way of life with the contemporary world’s material prosperity and lust for power.